Association Between Social Media Use and Depression Among University Students

Authors

  • Hidayah Sallehuddin Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
  • Rezki Perdani Sawai Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
  • Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
  • Mohd Faizal Kasmani Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol24no2.311

Keywords:

social media, depression, students, mental health

Abstract

The most widely used social media such as Twitter, Instagram and Facebook have changed the way we communicate with others especially amongst youth. It has been a major part of such activities in their lives. However, the most alarming situation is that youth are mostly students. It has been identified that those who spent more time online have evidenced more symptoms of depression. On that note, this study concerns to (i) identify the level of depression and (ii) to find out the relationship between social media and depression among them who are among undergraduate students. In order to retrieve the data, a set of questionnaire was distributed to 150 students of local university in Malaysia, that consists of three sections which are demographic information, Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF) and Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II). There were two variables analyzed using Pearson correlation test. In short, the result showed that there is a correlation between social media and depression, r=0.199, n=150, p=<0.01. From this finding, it depicts that social media is significantly related and have positive relationship to depression among students involved. This study also provides such valuable information for counsellors and lecturers to identify students who have suffered depression and could help them to manage the problem. It also creates awareness among parents to be more alert with their children’s emotion.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amarasuriya, SD; Jorm, AF; Reavley, NJ, Prevalence of depression and its correlates among undergraduates in Sri Lanka, Asian Journal Of Psychiatry, 2015, 15 pp. 32 – 37

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), Fifth edition. American Psychiatric Association, 10-15.

Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A largescale crosssectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30, 252–262.

Banjanin, N., Banjanin, N., Dimitrijevic, I., & Pantic, I. (2015). Relationship between internet use and depression: Focus on physiological mood oscillations, social networking and online addictive behavior. Journal of Computers in Human Behavior, 16(1), 308-312.

Błachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., & Pantic, I. (2015). Internet use, Facebook intrusion, and

depression: Results of a cross-sectional study. European Psychiatry, 2–5.

Burson‐Marsteller Global Social Media Check Up. Public Affairs Asia [Internet]. 2012. Available from: http://www.burson‐marsteller.com/social/PressRelease.aspx [Accessed: March 25, 2013]

Cotten, S. R., Ford, G., Ford, S., & Hale, T. M. (2012). Internet use and depression among older adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 496–499.

Cotten, S. R., Anderson, W. A., & McCullough, B. M. (2013). Impact of internet use on loneliness and contact with others among older adults: Cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15(2), e39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/jmir. 2306.

Feinstein BA, Hershenberg R, Bhatia V, et al. Negative social comparison on Facebook and depressive symptoms: rumination as a mechanism. Psychol Pop Media Cult. 2013; 2(3):161–170. 5.

Gebrie, M. H. (2018). An Analysis of Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II). Global Journal of Endocrinological Metabolism, 12(1), 1-5.

Hoare, E., Milton, K., Foster, C., & Allender, S. (2017). Depression, psychological distress and internet use among community-based Australian adolescents: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 17(365), 1–10.

Heffiner, T. (2016). The effects of social media use in undergraduate students. Journal of Rowan University, 18(1), 1-29.

Jacobs, R., Reinecke, M., Gollan, J., & Kane, P. (2008). Empirical evidence of cognitive vulnerability for depression among children and adolescents: A cognitive science and developmental perspective. Journal Of Clinical Psychology Review, 8(1), 759-782.

Jelenchick, L., Eickhoff, J., & Moreno, M. (2013). “Facebook depression?” Social networking site use and depression in older adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health 8(1), 128-130.

Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2010). The challenges and opportunities of social media. Journal of Business Horizons 15(7), 59-68.

Kemp S. We are Social: Social, Digital and Mobile in Malaysia [Internet]. 2012. Available from: http://wearesocial.net/blog/2012/01/social‐digital‐mobile‐malaysia/ [Accessed: March 25, 2013]

Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T., Harrington, H., Milne, B., & Poulton, R. (2003). Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: Developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort. Journal of General Psychiatry, 12(2), 709-717.

Kross E, Verduyn P, Demiralp E, et al. Facebook use predicts declines in subjective well-being in young adults. PLoS One [Internet] 2013 Jan;8(8):e69841

Kurtaran, G. T. (2008). Examining the variables predicted internet addiction. Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 50-68.

Kuruppuarachchi, K.A.L.A., Kuruppuarachchi, K.A.J.M., Wijerathne, S., Williams, S.S., 2002. Psychological distress among students from five universities in Sri Lanka. Ceylon Medical Journal 47, 13-15.

Lin, L. Y., Sidani, J. E., Shensa, A., Radovic, A., Miller, E., Colditz, J. B., et al. (2016). Association between social media use and depression among U.S. young adults. Depression and Anxiety, 33(4), 323–331.

Md Parvez Bin Eusof Izzudin, Ayman Al–Bedri, Vengadesh Subramaniam, Puspamary Matthews, Cheong Ai Theng. (2018). Prevalence and related factors of depression among healthcare personnel at primary healthcare centers. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 14(SP2), 32-36.

Mok, W. T., Sing, R., Jiang, X., & See, S. L. (2014). Investigation of social media on depression. Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Chinese spoken language processing (pp. 488–491).

Muniandy L, Muniandy B. The impact of social media in social and political aspects in Malaysia: An overview. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 2013;3(11):71‐76

Nabi RL, Prestin A, So J. Facebook friends with (health) benefits? Exploring social network site use and perceptions of social support, stress, and well-being. Cyberpsychol Behav Socl Netw. 2013;16(10):721–727.

Ophir, Y. (2017). SOS on SNS: Adolescent distress on social network sites. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 51–55.

Pantic, I. (2014). Online social networking and mental health. Journal of Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(1), 652-657.

Rahilah, A., Nor Azilili, H., Jaslina, M., & Yollanda, T. (2018). A Study On Social Media Usage Among Private University Students in Klang Valley. Jurnal Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 17(1), 258-266.

Sahin, C. (2018). Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form: The Reliability and Validity Study. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology. 17(1), 169-172.

Sanders, C., Field, T., Miguel, D., & Kaplan, M. (2000). The relationship of Internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 9(2), 237-242.

Scherr, S., & Brunet, A. (2017). Differential influences of depression and personality traits on the use of Facebook. Social Media +Society, 3, 1–14.

Shakya, H. B., & Christakis, N. A. (2017). Association of Facebook use with compromised wellbeing: A longitudinal study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 185(3), 203–211.

Steers, M., Wickham, R., & Acitelli, L. (2014). Seeing everyone else's highlight reels: How Facebook usage is linked to depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17(2), 701-731.

Sydenham, M., Beardwood, J., & Rimes, K. A. (2017). Beliefs about emotions, depression, anxiety and fatigue: A mediational analysis. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 45(1), 73–78.

Tan, Y., Chen, Y., Lu, Y., & Li, L. (2016). Exploring associations between problematic internet use, depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance among Southern Chinese adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 313-325.

Tandoc, J., Ferrucci, P., & Duffy, M. (2015). Facebook use, envy, and depression among college students: Is Facebooking depressing? Journal of Computer in Human Behavior, 40(6), 139-146.

Truschel, J. (25 November , 2019). Depression Definition and DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria. Retrieved from Psycom: https://www.psycom.net/depression-definition-dsm-5-diagnostic-criteria/

Torabi, M.R., Perera, B., 2006. A study of depressive symptomatology, its behavioral correlates and anxiety among undergraduates in Sri Lanka, in: Landlow, M.V. (Ed.), College students: Mental health and coping strategies. Nova Science Publishers New York, pp. 133-151.

Twenge JM., Joiner TE, et al. Increases in Depressive Symptoms, Suicide-Related Outcomes, and Suicide Rates Among U.S. Adolescents After 2010 and Links to Increased New Media Screen Time. Clinical Psychological Science 2017;6(1):3-17

Varghese, M. E., & Pistole, M. C. (2017). College student cyberbullying: Self-esteem, depression, loneliness, and attachment. Journal of College Counseling, 20, 7–21.

Vogel EA, Rose JP, Okdie BM, et al. Who compares and despairs? The effect of social comparison orientation on social media use and its outcomes. Pers Individ Dif. 2015;86: 249–256.

Wagner, B., Horn, A. B., & Maercker, A. (2014). Internet-based versus face-to-face cognitive- behavioral intervention for depression: A randomized controlled noninferiority trial. Journal of Affective Disorder, 152-154, 113–121.

World Health Organisation. Media centre: Fact sheet (updated February 2017). Available from:http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en/

Youn, S., Trinh, N., Shyu, I., Chang, T., Fava, M., Kvedar, J., & Yeung, A. (2013). Using online social media, Facebook, in screening for major depressive disorder among college students. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 13(1), 74-80.

Published

2021-09-27

How to Cite

[1]
Sallehuddin, H. , Sawai, R.P. , Abdul Aziz, A.R. and Kasmani, M.F. 2021. Association Between Social Media Use and Depression Among University Students. ‘Abqari Journal. 25, 1 (Sep. 2021), 18–32. DOI:https://doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol24no2.311.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>