Keseimbangan Pelaporan Berita Kesihatan dan Amalan Kod Etika Profesional Kewartawanan di Malaysia
Balanced Health News Reporting and Practice of Journalism Profesional Code of Ethics in Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol23no1.276Keywords:
kualitatif, pelaporan berita kesihatan, kod etika profesional kewartawanan, kewartawanan berorientasikan sivik.Abstract
Kajian kualitatif ini menumpukan kepada amalan kod etika profesional kewartawanan di Malaysia dalam pelaporan berita kesihatan. Kejayaan agenda kerajaan dalam mengubah landskap kualiti kesihatan rakyat banyak bergantung kepada peranan yang dimainkan oleh media massa. Sebagai agen sosialisasi masyarakat yang sangat berkesan, media massa mampu merangsang, membimbing dan mempengaruhi gaya hidup khalayak awam dalam memahami maklumat kesihatan serta bertindak mengikut saranan dalam kebanyakan laporan berita kesihatan dalam akhbar atau portal berita tempatan. Namun, maklumat kesihatan yang tidak lengkap, mengelirukan dari segi fakta dan gaya laporan yang sukar difahami mampu mewujudkan risiko kepada orang ramai. Amalan untuk menjadi pemberita terawal menyiarkan suatu berita atau maklumat sensasi tidak seharusnya menjadi amalan seseorang wartawan. Sebagai pengamal media yang beretika, wartawan perlu bertanggungjawab, adil dan melaporkan kebenaran dalam penulisan berita dan isu kesihatan. Justeru, kajian ini berhujah bahawa amalan kewartawanan berorientasikan sivik perlu diperkukuhkan dalam perencanaan membangunkan literasi kesihatan dalam masyarakat di negara ini. Selain itu, penulisan bercorak sensasi untuk mendapatkan pengiktirafan segera bukanlah suatu aspirasi kebanyakan wartawan berita kesihatan, selain daripada usaha meningkatkan penjualan akhbar dan mengukuhkan jenama portal berita tertentu.
Incomplete health information, misleading and incomprehensible facts can create a risk to the public. Being responsible, fair and reporting the truth is a fundamental principle of a journalist and is also a Shariah claim. As such, this qualitative study focuses on the practice of Malaysian journalistic professional ethics in health news reporting. The findings reveal a new concept of news reporting among health news journalists, namely civic-oriented journalism. The concept is capable to producing a balanced health story. Therefore, this study urges that civic-oriented journalism practices need to be strengthened in the planning of developing health literacy in the community.
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