Rawatan spiritual Islam (RSI) sebagai pendekatan pemulihan holistik terhadap komuniti men sex men (MSM) dan biseksual di Malaysia

Islamic spiritual treatment as a holistic rehabilitation approach for the men sex men and bisexual community in Malaysia

Abstract

This study discusses Islamic Spiritual Treatment (Rawatan Spiritual Islam RSI) as a holistic rehabilitation approach for the Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) and bisexual community in Malaysia. The increasing issues related to sexual orientation, psychological distress, social stigma, and spiritual challenges among this community necessitate a more comprehensive and integrated rehabilitation approach. This study aims to explain the concept of Islamic Spiritual Treatment (Rawatan Spiritual Islam RSI), identify the major challenges faced by MSM and bisexual individuals, and analyse suitable Islamic spiritual interventions in the psychospiritual recovery process of this community. Employing a qualitative approach, the study utilizes document analysis and literature review of previous studies related to Islamic spiritual treatment, Islamic psychology, spiritual counselling, and the mental well-being of sexual minority communities. The findings indicate that RSI has considerable potential as a complementary approach that integrates spiritual, emotional, psychological, and social dimensions in the rehabilitation process. Among the identified interventions are ruqyah shar‘iyyah (Islamic healing recitation), spiritual guidance, Islamic psychospiritual therapy, religious education, and community support based on the principles of compassionate (rahmah) da‘wah. The study also reveals that empathetic, non-judgmental, and compassion-oriented approaches are more effective in assisting MSM and bisexual individuals in coping with identity conflicts, emotional distress, and social isolation. Furthermore, the development of a systematic and evidence-based RSI module is considered essential for strengthening the effectiveness of interventions within the context of Muslim society in Malaysia. Overall, this study emphasizes that RSI has the potential to serve as a holistic rehabilitation model that contributes to the psychospiritual well-being of MSM and bisexual individuals while enhancing Islamic approaches to da‘wah and mental health in a more inclusive and humane manner.

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini membincangkan Rawatan Spiritual Islam (RSI) sebagai pendekatan pemulihan holistik terhadap komuniti Men Sex Men (MSM) dan biseksual di Malaysia. Fenomena peningkatan isu berkaitan orientasi seksual, tekanan psikologi, stigma sosial serta cabaran spiritual dalam kalangan komuniti ini menuntut satu pendekatan pemulihan yang lebih menyeluruh dan bersepadu. Kajian ini bertujuan menghuraikan konsep RSI, mengenal pasti cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh komuniti MSM dan biseksual, serta menganalisis bentuk intervensi spiritual Islam yang sesuai dalam proses pemulihan psikospiritual individu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen dan sorotan literatur terhadap kajian-kajian terdahulu berkaitan rawatan spiritual Islam, psikologi Islam, kaunseling spiritual dan kesejahteraan mental komuniti seksual minoriti. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa RSI mempunyai potensi besar sebagai pendekatan pelengkap yang mengintegrasikan aspek spiritual, emosi, psikologi dan sosial dalam proses pemulihan individu. Antara bentuk intervensi yang dikenal pasti ialah ruqyah syariah, bimbingan kerohanian, terapi psikospiritual Islam, pendidikan agama serta sokongan komuniti yang berasaskan pendekatan dakwah rahmah. Kajian ini turut mendapati bahawa pendekatan yang bersifat empati, tidak menghukum dan berteraskan kasih sayang lebih berkesan dalam membantu individu menghadapi konflik identiti, tekanan emosi dan pengasingan sosial. Selain itu, pembangunan modul RSI yang sistematik dan berasaskan bukti dilihat penting bagi memperkukuh keberkesanan intervensi dalam konteks masyarakat Muslim di Malaysia. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini menegaskan bahawa RSI berpotensi menjadi salah satu model pemulihan holistik yang dapat menyumbang kepada kesejahteraan psikospiritual individu serta memperkukuh pendekatan dakwah dan kesihatan mental Islam secara lebih inklusif dan berperikemanusiaan.