‘Abqari Journal

Perspektif nabawi melalui pendekatan sabar dalam institusi kekeluargaan

Mohammad Haafiz Aminuddin Mohd Azmi — 2024-10-15

Religion extols patience as a quality that demonstrates the brilliance of prophets. However, the community's environment shatters the social order to control the temper and scratch the harmony in the neighbourhood community. The signs of anger are worrisome, and many situations involve many highly frightening levels of the community. As a result, the Prophet PBUH has been a great example of patience that people try to imitate, and he also represents the moral values of Muslim civilization. Both primary and secondary sources of literature are cited in this study. Additionally, content analysis using the deductive and thematic approaches is used in this study. The study's findings found that human moral development can balance spiritual and physical development. It is fundamental to practice patience in daily activities. As a result, character development in the community is prioritised in daily practice while maintaining the prophetic element, which can promote a certain level of harmony among neighbours while upholding the tradition of confronting life.

ABSTRAK

Sabar merupakan satu sifat yang dipuji agama yang meneladani sifat-sifat keunggulan nabawi. Namun, persekitaran komuniti mencalarkan ketenteraman bermasyarakat yang gagal mengawal emosi marah sehingga mengakibatkan ketirisan keharmonian dalam komuniti kejiranan. Kes-kes yang berlaku pertengkaran akibat marah melibatkan pelbagai peringkat amat merunsingkan gaya hidup komuniti kejiranan malahan gejala tersebut amat membimbangkan. Oleh itu, pendekatan sifat sabar wajar diteladani berdasarkan pengamalan yang dianjurkan Nabi SAW. Implementasi sifat sabar mencerminkan etika akhlak masyarakat muslim. Kajian ini menggunakan kepustakaan menerusi sumber primer dan sekunder. Kajian ini juga menggunakan analisis kandungan mengikut kaedah deskriptif dan tematik. Dapatan kajian mendapati pembangunan moral insan boleh mengimbangi pembangunan rohani dan jasmani. Komponen sifat sabar perlu dipraktikkan dalam urusan yang melibatkan harian. Sehubungan itu, pembangunan sahsiah dalam komuniti amat ditekankan dalam amalan harian. Justeru, sabar juga merupakan elemen perspektif nabawi yang boleh membantu sesuatu keharmonian warga komuniti jiran dalam meneruskan legasi kehidupan yang kian mencabar.

أدب الخلاف في ضوء السنة النبوية

Shaaban Abdel Hameed Refae — 2024-10-15

This thesis intends and aims to illuminate discrepancies and differences and to describe that different opinions are natural. Those accepted from it assumed and considered as clean and true that strengthens the brains and to expand the views, to enrich the Islamic law and Thinking. And to describe that disagreement in everything is not acceptable and admitted. Also to create rules and guidelines to disagreement of opinions. It describes how Islamic teaching and values tolerate to accept the other's opinion. The problem of searching is hidden while some people of disagreement in spite of believing the mistake and different from Allah Law and Willing towards the creatures in order to rear the balancing of the universe. In addition disagreement among men is natural as it consists of the evolution of mankind. Unfortunately they cannot accept the specialists of other's civilization and, religious opinions, as a results from that are blameworthy differences dictated by fancy and passion and ruled by fanaticism and racist . These bring and lead to the spreading of atonement, bidea (heresy and novelty) and fascinating. It causes death and destruction of countries. It leads to intersection and being contrary among the one nation. Stand out the important of the searching in necessities to create and write the problem of disagreement and differences and the fact , the nature, its divisions, the benefits and to create and to set disciplines and regulations for finding the origin of it, and to collect its scattering ; in order to preserve and protect the nation's youth and her advocates from the most important danger threatening blameworthy differences. The benefits from it is to graduate a conscious Muslim generation which able to understand the nature of the difference, able to be opened minded to others in the light of Shariah regulations and disciplines,. In the research, the inductive approach was adopted in collecting the topics of the subject by referring to the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the most famous books of imams and scholars who were concerned with the issue of dispute and its impact on peaceful coexistence among the members of the nation. It also adopted the descriptive-analytical approach in analyzing texts, clarifying the relationships between them, and extracting the controls and rules established by scholars to control the issue of difference, and to highlight its features.

يهدف البحث إلى تناول قضية الخلاف، وبيان أنه أمر فطري، وأن المقبول منه يعتبر ظاهرة صحية تقوي العقل البشري، وتوسع آفاقه، وتثري الفقه والفكر الإسلامي، وأن الخلاف في كل شيء هو اختلاف غير مقبول، ووضع الضوابط لقضية الاختلاف، وبيان وجه الإسلام السمح في قبول الآخر. وتكمن إشكالية البحث في أن بعض المختلفين وعلى الرغم من إيمانهم بأن الاختلاف سنة الله في الخلق لحفظ التوازن في الكون، وأنه أمر طبيعي لضمان التطور الإنساني؛ إلا أنهم لا يتقبلون خصوصيات الآخر الثقافية، وآراءه الدينية؛ فنتج عن ذلك الخلاف المذموم، وانتشر التكفير والتبديع والتفسيق، وأزهقت أرواح وخربت دول، وساد التقاطع بين أبناء الأمة الواحدة. وتبرز أهمية البحث في الحاجه إلى تحرير مسائل الاختلاف، وحقيقته، وطبيعته، وأقسامه، وفوائده، ووضع ضوابطه لتأصيلها وجمع شتاتها؛ لحفظ شباب الأمة ودعاتها من أهم خطر يتهددها، والإفادة منها في تخريج جيل مسلم واع قادر على فهم طبيعة الاختلاف، والانفتاح على الآخر في ضوء ضوابط الشرع الحنيف. وقد اعتمدت المنهج الاستقرائي في جمع مسائل الموضوع بالرجوع إلى الكتاب والسنة، وكتب العلماء الذين عنوا بقضية الخلاف وأثرها في التعايش السلمي بين أفراد الأمة، كما اعتمدت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في تحليل النصوص وبيان العلاقات الجامعة بينها واستخلاص الضوابط التي وضعها العلماء لضبط قضية الاختلاف، وإبراز معالمها.

تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر في الدول العربيّة: نشأته وبواكير أعلامه وحقيقته

Mohd Nizwan Musling — 2024-10-15

The study aims to investigate the origins of Modern Islamic Literature (MIL) thinking among Arab pioneers and their efforts in revealing the features of this literature. The study employed the historical inductive method by tracing the pioneers’ works and studies that dealt with the MIL. One of the most important findings of this study is Ali Al-Nadawi started the thinking of MIL. Then Sayyid Qutb in 1952 initiated this idea and strongly advocated it through his article entitled “Manhaj al-Adab”. Then his brother Muhammad Qutb continued this effort through his book, “Manhaj al-Adab al-Islamiy”, explaining the opinions and issues raised by Sayyid Qutb until this book is considered as the first book in the Arabic language addresses the literary problems in the light of Islam. This call continued until the MIL is defined as the beautiful expression of the universe, life, human and the Creator through Islam’s worldview. It has its formal technical characteristics, which are the correct word that inspires the Islamic spirit, the tight style and precise systems. In contrast, the intrinsic characteristics consist of the idea and the emotion that build on the Islamic worldview of the universe, life, human and the Creator.

يهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن نشأة تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر لدى رواده من العلماء العرب، ثم إبراز مجهوداتهم في تجلية معالم هذا الأدب. ويتكأ البحث على المنهج الاستقرائيّ التاريخيّ بتتبّع مؤلَّفات الرواد في هذا الحقل المعرفيّ، والدراسات التي تناولت الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر. ومن أهمّ ما توصَّل إليه البحث أنَّ تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر قد بدأ على يد علي الندوي. ثم بادر سيد قطب إلى هذه الفكرة ودعا إليها بقوةٍ خلالَ مقالته بعنوان "منهج الأدب" التي صدرت سنة 1952. ثم واصل هذا الجهدَ أخوه محمّد قطب من خلال كتابه "منهج الفن الإسلاميّ"، موضِّحاً فيه الآراء والقضايا التي أثارها سيد قطب حتى يعدّ هذا الكتاب أوّل كتابٍ باللغة العربية يُعالج القضايا الأدبيّة في ضوء الإسلام. وتعاقبت هذه الدعوة حتى يتحدَّد تعريف الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر بأنه التعبير الجميل عن الكون والحياة والإنسان والخالق من خلال تصوُّر الإسلام لها. وله خصائص فنية شكليّة تتمثّل في الكلمة الصحيحة الموحية بالروح الإسلاميّة، والأسلوب المحكم والنظم الدقيق. وأما خصائصه الجوهريّة فهي تتألَّف من الفِكرة والعاطفة تبنيان على التصوّر الإسلاميّ للكون، والحياة، والإنسان، والخالق.

أنماط مهارة المحادثة وحاجات طلبة اللغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها في المرحلة الجامعيّة في تنمية مهارة المحادثة (ماليزيا ومملكة تايلاند أنموذجًا)

Yaakob Hasan — 2024-10-15

Previous studies indicate that the proficiency of Arabic language learners in non-Arabic speaking regions of Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia and Thailand, is weak despite some of them having a good grasp of linguistic rules. The reason behind this is their limited practice and use of the Arabic language. On the other hand, the primary purpose of language is communication and interaction with others. From this perspective, it is important to train learners to use the language in a variety of contexts and situations, as well as in different conversation styles. A study was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of ten conversation skill patterns for 30 Arabic language students at the undergraduate level in the Islamic University of Selangor, Malaysia, and Prince of Songkla University, Thailand. In the Islamic University of Selangor, the study found that the learners' needs were met with the discussion pattern ranking first, followed by the description of pictures ranking second, and then the storytelling pattern ranking third. In Prince of Songkla University, the study revealed that learners' needs were met with the role-play pattern ranking first, followed by the question and answer pattern ranking second, and then the representation pattern ranking third.

تشير الدراسات السابقة إلى أنّ مستوى دارسي اللغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها في جنوب شرق آسيا، وخاصة ماليزيا وتايلند ضعيف، على الرغم من تمكن بعضهم من قواعد اللغة؛ والسبب في ذلك هو قلة ممارستهم واستخدامهم اللغة العربية. ومن ناحية أخرى، فإنّ الغرض الأساسي للغة هو التواصل والتفاعل مع الآخرين، ومن هذا المنطلق، ينبغي علينا تدريب الدارسين على استخدام اللغة في مجموعة متنوعة من السياقات والمواقف، وفي أنماط مختلفة في مهارة المحادثة، وقد قامت الدراسة بإجراء استبيان مكون من عشرة أنماط لمهارة المحادثة لعدد 30 طالب وطالبة اللغة العربية في مرحلة البكالوريوس في الجامعة الإسلامية بسلانجور، ماليزيا وكذلك في جامعة الأمير سونكلا، تايلند، وفي الجامعة الإسلامية بسلانجور، توصلت الدراسة في معرفة حاجات الدارسين إلى أن نمط (المناقشة) حصل على الرتبة الأولى ثم يليه نمط (وصف الصور) حصل على الرتبة الثانية، ثم يليه نمط (قصّ الحكايات) حصل على الرتبة الثالثة. وفي جامعة الأمير سونكلا، توصلت الدراسة في معرفة حاجات الدارسين إلى أن نمط (لعب الأدوار) حصل على الرتبة الأولى ثم يليه نمط (السؤال والجواب) حصل على الرتبة الثانية، ثم يليه نمط (التمثيل) حصل على الرتبة الثالثة.

Elements of Islamic Principle of Village Financial Management (VFM) in Indonesia

Achdiar Redy Setiawan — 2024-10-15

Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages is a historic milestone for village governance in Indonesia. Villages are given great authority to carry out village development autonomously, accompanied by a mandate to implement Village Financial Management (VFM). However, the large amount of funds under management raises various problems, especially the rampant abuse of authority in running VFM. This study aims to identify Islamic elements of VFM in Indonesia. The data collection method mainly uses document research, particularly referring to the Quran, Hadits, and other relevant pieces of literature. Moreover, this research also conducts interviews with some experts who understand issues related to Islamic perspectives associated with VFM to guide the identification process. The analysis method used in this study is thematic data analysis. The study concludes seven elements for the implementation of VFM based on an Islamic perspective. The elements of Islamic Principles of VFM are based on Islamic values, namely a) trustworthiness; b) honesty; c) accountability; d) transparency; e) clear, fair & "healthy" regulations; f) substantive participation, and g) collectiveness-togetherness work.

Pencegahan Ideologi Radikalisme dan Ekstrimisme Melalui Pendidikan di Brunei Darussalam

Kamaluddin Nurdin Marjuni — 2024-10-30

Radikalisme dan ekstrimisme merupakan ancaman serius yang dapat menggungcang kestabilan dan keselamatan sesebuah negara. Negara Brunei Darussalam, sebagai negara yang menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai Islam berdasarkan Akidah Ahli Sunnah Wal Jama’ah (Asya’irah dan Maturidiah), telah mengambil langkah-langkah signifikan untuk mencegah penyebaran ideologi radikal dan ekstrem melalui pendekatan pendidikan. Artikel ini meneroka berbagai strategi yang diterapkan oleh Brunei Darussalam dalam memerangi radikalisme dan ekstrimisme, dengan fokus utama pada peranan pendidikan. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penyelidikan menunjukkan bahawa Negara Brunei Darussalam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai kesederhanaan dan toleransi dalam kurikulum pendidikan, serta melibatkan berbagai pihak berkepentingan, termasuk kerajaan, lembaga pendidikan, dan masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan. Program-program seperti pendidikan agama yang bersederhana dan kempen kesedaran di kalangan pelajar dan masyarakat awam telah efektif dalam membentuk pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang bahaya radikalisme dan ekstrimisme. Kesimpulan dari penyelidikan ini menegaskan bahawa pendidikan merupakan alat yang berkesan dalam mencegah penyebaran ideologi radikal dan ekstrem. Keberhasilan Negara Brunei Darussalam dalam mengimplementasikan strategi pencegahan melalui pendidikan dapat menjadi model bagi negara-negara lain yang menghadapi cabaran yang serupa.

Radicalism and extremism are serious threats that can disrupt the stability and security of a nation. Brunei Darussalam, as a country that upholds Islamic values based on the Aqidah of Ahli Sunnah Wal Jama'ah (Asya'irah and Maturidiah), has taken significant steps to prevent the spread of radical and extremist ideologies through educational approaches. This article explores various strategies implemented by Brunei Darussalam in combating radicalism and extremism, with a primary focus on the role of education. This article uses a qualitative approach. The findings show that Brunei Darussalam integrates the values of moderation and tolerance into the educational curriculum and involves various stakeholders, including the government, educational institutions, and the community, in prevention efforts. Programs such as moderate religious education and awareness campaigns among students and the wider community have been effective in fostering a comprehensive understanding of the dangers of radicalism and extremism. The conclusion of this research affirms that education is a powerful tool in preventing the spread of radical and extremist ideologies. Brunei Darussalam's success in implementing prevention strategies through education can serve as a model for other countries facing similar challenges and threats.

Kesamarataan dan Kesaksamaan Gender: Kajian Terhadap Masyarakat Berbilang Kaum di Malaysia

Nur Saadah Hamisan@Khair — 2024-10-15

Gender equality and equity are terms that carry different meanings within Islam and the West. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the perspectives of Malaysians on gender equality and their awareness of various gender-related issues in Malaysia. Specifically, the objectives of the study are: 1) To identify the views of Malaysia’s multicultural society on their understanding of the concept of gender equality, 2) To determine the extent to which informants agree with the implementation of the Gender Equality Act in Malaysia, 3) To obtain informants’ opinions on the two terms: gender equality and gender equity, and 4) To assess informants' awareness of the potential impact that gender equality may have on the development of social aspects in Malaysia. The methodological approach used is qualitative, through interviews with open-ended questions conducted via Google Forms with 14 informants selected through the snowball sampling method. The informants consist of NGO activists with knowledge of gender equality and represent various ethnic groups within Malaysian citizens. The analysis results show that each informant has their own distinct perspective on the concept of gender equality, which has both positive and negative impacts on the socio-cultural aspects of a multiracial, multireligious, and multicultural country. This study has implications for policymakers, activists, and both government and non-governmental organizations in formulating gender-related policies and programs that are sensitive to Malaysia’s cultural and religious diversity.

ABSTRAK

Kesamarataan dan kesaksamaan gender merupakan terma yang membawa maksud yang berbeza dalam konteks Islam dan Barat. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan masyarakat Malaysia terhadap isu kesamarataan gender dan sikap cakna mereka terhadap beberapa isu berkaitan gender di Malaysia. Secara terperinci, objektif kajian adalah: 1) Mengenal pasti pandangan masyarakat Malaysia yang berbilang kaum memahami konsep kesamarataan gender, 2) Mengetahui sejauh mana informan bersetuju dengan pelaksanaan akta kesaksamaan gender (Gender Equality Act) di Malaysia, 3) Mendapatkan pandangan informan terhadap dua istilah: kesamarataan gender (Gender Equality) dan kesaksamaan gender (Gender Equity), dan 4) Mengetahui sejauh mana informan cakna terhadap impak yang boleh dibawa oleh kesamarataan gender kepada pembangunan aspek sosial di Malaysia. Kaedah metodologi menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu temubual menggunakan kaedah soalan terbuka melalui google form kepada 14 orang informan yang dipilih secara snowball iaitu mereka yang mempunyai pengetahuan terhadap kesamarataan gender dan terdiri daripada pelbagai kaum dalama kalangan warganegara Malaysia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahawa setiap informan mempunyai pandangan yang tersendiri terhadap konsep kesamarataan gender yang membawa impak sama ada positif dan juga negatif terhadap aspek sosio-budaya di dalam negara yang berbilang kaum, agama dan bangsa.

Assessment Of The Readiness Level of Japanese-Speaking Muslim Students from Malaysian Higher Education Institutions to Perform Da’wah

Lilisuriani Abdul Latif @ Bapoo — 2024-10-15

Da’wah is defined to be the act of propagating Islam. Anyone who wishes to perform this act in Japan needs to be able to speak Japanese and be ready to carry out Da’wah activities. Unfortunately, information on Da’wah readiness is hardly found despite work readiness being studied in many fields, using the Work Readiness Scale. Thus, this study looks at how Muslim Japanese-speaking tertiary learners in Malaysian Higher Educational Institutions perceive their own readiness to perform Da’wah. A questionnaire on five attributes of readiness to perform Da’wah namely, Islamic knowledge, persuasive communication skills, cultural awareness, media skill literacy and motivation, was distributed to tertiary learners who learn and can speak the Japanese language. 150 responses were obtained, and a descriptive analysis was done to identify the perceived level of Da’wah readiness of the respondents. The findings reveal that the respondents generally perceived themselves to have low readiness to perform Da’wah. A more structured effort such as training and workshops to strengthen the five attributes, therefore, is needed in preparing Japanese-speaking Daies to perform Da’wah in Japan.

Exploring The Understanding of Philanthropy Among The Public in Oman

Junita Mustapha — 2024-10-30

Major natural disasters and catastrophes often prompt the public and organizations to start rallying for donations and philanthropic efforts. However, there is a limitation in understanding the term philanthropy. This study explores the understanding of the definition of philanthropy by the general public in Muscat, Oman. This is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews. Informants were introduced through the snowball technique. Data for the study were collected by conducting 20 open-structured interviews via Google Meet and Zoom platforms with the informants. The study of philanthropy from the general public’s perspective in Oman is explored, suggesting the term philanthropy consisted of five domains which are the practice of good deeds, positive affective, rehabilitation, learned model, and gratitude. These terms are more commonly used over philanthropic behavior and appear more comprehensive of the multitude of connotations and deﬁnitions across cultures. Future studies could consider exploring more younger millennials from a wider area about their philanthropic understanding.

Transnational Sunni Pesantren and Their Socio-Political Engagement in Contemporary Indonesia

Hasyim Muhammad — 2024-10-15

The main paradigm in Sunni political theology is harmony and stability. This thinking is based on the background and tendencies of Sunni figures in the state political issues they faced at their time. Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia generally adhere to Sunni theology, including political paradigms and attitudes. Therefore, they have high attention and participation in national politics in Indonesia. Because for them, attention to and participation in national politics is an expression of the belief that love for the motherland is part of faith. In this context, new Islamic boarding schools with Sunni theology have emerged in different forms from the long-existing Sunni Islamic boarding schools. These new Islamic boarding schools have a network with the world outside and it is assumed that their establishment cannot be separated from the context of transnational Islam. Our question is, are they Educating for or Against National Political Ignorance in the midst of currents of democratization and mainstreaming of nationalism in contemporary Indonesia? The objects of this research are three transnational pesantren with Sunni theology with different international networks, namely one with a network of Saudi Arabia, one with a network of Syrian Lebanon, and one with a network of Turkey. The primary sources of this research are the results of interviews with authoritative parties in the three institutions, observations of the pesantren environment, and documentation from pesantren brochures and related documents. We found that (1) this transnational pesantren with Sunni theology only focuses on teaching Islamic education as is the case with traditional Islamic boarding schools (salafiyah), only validating the truth of their Islamic knowledge, equally pivoting on the main figure who is the reference for their knowledge, namely Sayyid Muhammad bin Alawiy Al Maliki (Haromain-Rusyaifah Islamic Boarding School), Sheikh Abdullah Al-Harariy (Shahamah-Lebanon Islamic Boarding School), and Sheikh Sulaiman Hilmi Tunahan (Sulaimaniyah Islamic Boarding School-Turkey). The three figures have written works which are made part of the compulsory curriculum for every student at the pesantren. (2) The socio-religious movement of the Lebanese Islamic Boarding Schools (Syahamah) in Indonesia is framed in the ASWAJA movement which is in line with the idea of a nation-state, although in fact, their concern is more in the theological movement in the form of the conservation of the ASWAJA monotheism doctrine. As for the organizational movement of the Makah Islamic Boarding School (As-Sofwah or Haromain) it looks affirmative towards issues that link religion and the state. Meanwhile, the overall picture of the religious social movement carried out by the Turkish Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia shows a passive and even apathetic attitude towards the issue of Indonesian national politics.

The Effectiveness of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) in Dealing with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Among Teenagers: A Single Case Study

Noradila Mohamed Faudzi — 2024-10-15

Introduction: Bullying is a traumatic event which has negative consequences on adolescents' mental health. A likely consequence is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: The study had two objectives: (a) to measure the level of trauma and (b) to see the effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) as an intervention for teenagers with PTSD. Methodology: The participant was a 15-year-old Malay female teenager from a boarding school, who completed a PCL-5 instrument to determine the level of trauma. A descriptive methodology was applied to answer the first objective while thematic analysis was utilised for the second objective. The adopted methodology of this research was a mixed method, quasi-experimental design using PCL-5 for the instrument and in-depth interviews for qualitative data. There were six sessions held by the mental health practitioner to assess the effectiveness of DBT in dealing with the teenager with PTSD. Results: The results confirm that (a) the percentage of victims of PTSD and bullying was significantly higher and needed an intervention by a mental health practitioner, and (b) the victim had suffered significantly with trauma that led to low self-esteem, self-harm, and suicide attempt. The result further indicated that DBT techniques using mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness showed significantly improved effectiveness in helping the victim cure the symptoms related to PTSD. Discussion: The study emphasised the importance of intervention from family, school, and society at large to reduce bullying and enhance respect for sexual diversity which is discussed as an effective tool to help the victims of PTSD.